This article explains the working of SMTP Connectors and new SMTP topology in the exchange server 2007 when compared to the previous versions. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a protocol used for sending messages between different servers. Because most email systems that are connected to the internet uses SMTP as a messaging standard. In exchange server 2003, SMTP relies on the service provided by the Windows OS, whereas in exchange 2007 has its own built in SMTP with interesting new features.
SMTP Connectors:
In exchange, the SMTP connectors are the logical representations of connections between a source and destination server. In previous version of exchange, SMTP connector is used for both incoming and outgoing message flow, i.e. two way communications for message flow. But in exchange server 2007, the concept of the SMTP Connector is classified into two types Send Connector and Receive Connector. Each of these types of connector represents a one way communication.
Receive Connectors:
1. Acts as an incoming point for SMTP traffic.
2. Actively listens for all incoming connections.
3. The parameters like Number of active connections allowed, Maximum incoming message size and Maximum recipients per message can be set in the Receive Connector.
Send Connectors:
1. Used for relaying outgoing SMTP communications.
2. It is not scoped to single server or single point, the end message is addressed to remote destination and reaches the appropriate Connector.
Hope the above is informative.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
Showing posts with label Troubleshooting. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Troubleshooting. Show all posts
Saturday, June 7, 2008
Wednesday, June 4, 2008
Exchange Power Shell - EMS:
This article explains the features of the exchange management shell EMS. Unlike the previous version of the exchange, the exchange server 2007 has this new feature of accomplishing all the exchange related activity in the command shell. The PowerShell uses the cmdlets as a core technology. A cmdlet is a lightweight command that is used in the PowerShell and Exchange Management Shell environments. Within that environment, the PowerShell command interpreter (PS.exe) executes these cmdlets within the context of automation scripts. The .NET framework is the core package which executes the PowerShell. Nearly 350 exchange related cmdlets are available in the EMS. The EMS works in the back end of the exchange management console.
Uses of EMS:
1. EMS main usage is to perform the administrative functions such as Mailbox management, setting limits for users, Moving mailbox b/w servers, configuring the exchange related parameters, etc.
2. EMS also helps in generating the reports such as recipient details, messaging routing traffic, message size distributions, etc.
General Syntax of the PowerShell Commands:
#Verb-Noun format. The PowerShell commands are auto-tab complete.
Eg., Move-Mailbox, Get-Mailbox, etc.
The commands in the PowerShell can be chained using the pipe option.
Interpreting the PowerShell Commands:
In order to move the mailbox to other server,
In General, Move the Mailbox of the user Stephen to the Mailbox Store2. This can be put syntactically
#Move-Mailbox “Mcgrorty, Stephen” –Targetdatabase “Mailbox Store 2”
Help Option in the EMS:
1. #Get-Help command
2. #Get-Help Set-Mailbox –Parameter *quota*
3. #Get-Help -Role *Mailbox*
Eg, Get-mailboxpermission,Get-mailboxdatabase,etc.
4. #Get-Help -Role *Mailbox* | fl name, synopsis
5. #Get-Help -Component *Recipient*
Eg, Get-mailbox,get-mailboxstatistics,etc.
6. #Get-Help -Functionality *Server*
Eg, Get-mailboxserver,Get-sendconnector,etc.
Pipeline Option:
To move all mailbox in the server1 to the server2
#Get-Mailbox –server server1 | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “server2\Mailbox Store1”
To set the maximum send size attribute for the recipient “Andreo Nel”
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “And*” } | Set-Mailbox –MaxSendSize 10mb
WhatIf and Confirm Option:
To move the mailbox with the name “sandy” to the server2. The –WhatIf parameter informs the administrator what action the script would take and the –Confirm parameter prompts for confirmation before taking action.
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “sandy*” } | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “Server2\Mailbox Store1” –WhatIf
Sample Output:
What if: Performing operation “move-Mailbox” on Target “Move mailbox for:Administrator (Administrator@companyabc.com) to Database: Mailbox Database 2,09014bc6-f977-4961-b4eb-8829fb13e5d6. The operation can take a long time and the mailbox will be inaccessible until the move is complete”.
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “sandy*” } | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “Server2\Mailbox Store1” –Confirm
Sample Output:
Are you sure you want to perform this action? Performing operation “move-Mailbox” on Target “Move mailbox for: Administrator (Administrator@companyabc.com) to Database: Mailbox Database 1,09014bc6-f977-4961-b4eb-8829fb13e5d6. The operation can take a long time and the mailbox will be inaccessible until the move is complete”. [Y] Yes [A] Yes to All [N] No [L] No to All [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is “Y”):
Some Important and Useful PowerShell Commands In exchange server 2007:
1. To create a new mail database in the first storage group on server2.
#New-MailboxDatabase –StorageGroup “SERVER2\First Storage Group” –name “Mailbox Store2”
2. To mount the above database,
#Mount-database “SERVER2\First Storage Group\Mailbox Store2”
3. To test the connectivity of the recipient mailbox and also to check the latency.
#Test-MapiConnectivity testuser@company.com
4. To get the list of mailbox with the maximum mailbox size,
#Get-wmiobject -class Exchange_Mailbox -Namespace ROOT\MicrosoftExchangev2 -ComputerName SERVER1 | select-object MailboxDisplayName,TotalItems,Size | sort -descending “Size” | select-object -first 25
5. The above can also be viewed in the HTML format and also can be directed to some file. This makes it portable.
#Get-wmiobject -class Exchange_Mailbox -Namespace ROOT\MicrosoftExchangev2 -ComputerName SERVER1 | select-object MailboxDisplayName,TotalItems,Size | sort -descending “Size” | select-object -first 25 | ConvertTo-html -title “Top 25 Largest Mailboxes on SERVER1” > “D:\Stats\25 Largest Mailboxes.html”
6. To get the events in the application log with the source starting with the word “Exchange” ,
#get-eventlog Application | where {$_.Source -ilike “Exchange*”} | export-csv c:\events.csv
7. To get the information of particular user mailbox
# Get-Mailbox –Identity "Rudi Kutz"
#Get-Mailbox "Rudi Kutz"
#Get-Mailbox rudi.kutz@philips.com
8. To get the list of exchange servers in the organization,
#Get-ExchangeServer
#Get-ExchangeServer -Domain loguinfo.com
#Get-ExchangeServer –Status
9. To get the mailbox database details,
# Get-MailboxDatabase -Server Server
#Get-MailboxDatabase -StorageGroup StorageGroup
10. To set the quota limit parameter for particular database,
# Set-MailboxDatabase -Identity MailboxDatabase -IssueWarningQuota 500MB
11. To set the user’s mailbox properties like external Email Email address value,
# Set-MailUser -Identity user2 -ExternalEmailAddress test@external.com
12. To get all the records which matching the namespace “logu”, it check in all the possible recipients like user mailbox, contacts, etc.
# Get-Recipient -Anr "logu"
13. To Enable/Disable the user,
# Disable-MailUser -Identity user2
# Enable-Mailbox -Identity company\user1 -Database MailboxDatabase
14. To get the mailbox statistics of the database,
# Get-MailboxStatistics -Database MailboxDatabase
#Get-MailboxStatistics -Server Server
15. To give full access permission for the user1 on the mailbox user2,
#Add-MailboxPermission user2 -User user1 -AccessRights FullAccess
16. The same case if it is a linked mailbox (external mail account which has mailbox in this server),
#Add-MailboxPermission user2 -user CODE1\user1 -AccessRights:FullAccess,ExternalAccount
Likewise there are large number of useful commands in the EMS. Hope the above is informative.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Uses of EMS:
1. EMS main usage is to perform the administrative functions such as Mailbox management, setting limits for users, Moving mailbox b/w servers, configuring the exchange related parameters, etc.
2. EMS also helps in generating the reports such as recipient details, messaging routing traffic, message size distributions, etc.
General Syntax of the PowerShell Commands:
#Verb-Noun format. The PowerShell commands are auto-tab complete.
Eg., Move-Mailbox, Get-Mailbox, etc.
The commands in the PowerShell can be chained using the pipe option.
Interpreting the PowerShell Commands:
In order to move the mailbox to other server,
In General, Move the Mailbox of the user Stephen to the Mailbox Store2. This can be put syntactically
#Move-Mailbox “Mcgrorty, Stephen” –Targetdatabase “Mailbox Store 2”
Help Option in the EMS:
1. #Get-Help command
2. #Get-Help Set-Mailbox –Parameter *quota*
3. #Get-Help -Role *Mailbox*
Eg, Get-mailboxpermission,Get-mailboxdatabase,etc.
4. #Get-Help -Role *Mailbox* | fl name, synopsis
5. #Get-Help -Component *Recipient*
Eg, Get-mailbox,get-mailboxstatistics,etc.
6. #Get-Help -Functionality *Server*
Eg, Get-mailboxserver,Get-sendconnector,etc.
Pipeline Option:
To move all mailbox in the server1 to the server2
#Get-Mailbox –server server1 | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “server2\Mailbox Store1”
To set the maximum send size attribute for the recipient “Andreo Nel”
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “And*” } | Set-Mailbox –MaxSendSize 10mb
WhatIf and Confirm Option:
To move the mailbox with the name “sandy” to the server2. The –WhatIf parameter informs the administrator what action the script would take and the –Confirm parameter prompts for confirmation before taking action.
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “sandy*” } | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “Server2\Mailbox Store1” –WhatIf
Sample Output:
What if: Performing operation “move-Mailbox” on Target “Move mailbox for:Administrator (Administrator@companyabc.com) to Database: Mailbox Database 2,09014bc6-f977-4961-b4eb-8829fb13e5d6. The operation can take a long time and the mailbox will be inaccessible until the move is complete”.
#Get-Mailbox | where-object { $_.name –like “sandy*” } | Move-Mailbox –targetdatabase “Server2\Mailbox Store1” –Confirm
Sample Output:
Are you sure you want to perform this action? Performing operation “move-Mailbox” on Target “Move mailbox for: Administrator (Administrator@companyabc.com) to Database: Mailbox Database 1,09014bc6-f977-4961-b4eb-8829fb13e5d6. The operation can take a long time and the mailbox will be inaccessible until the move is complete”. [Y] Yes [A] Yes to All [N] No [L] No to All [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is “Y”):
Some Important and Useful PowerShell Commands In exchange server 2007:
1. To create a new mail database in the first storage group on server2.
#New-MailboxDatabase –StorageGroup “SERVER2\First Storage Group” –name “Mailbox Store2”
2. To mount the above database,
#Mount-database “SERVER2\First Storage Group\Mailbox Store2”
3. To test the connectivity of the recipient mailbox and also to check the latency.
#Test-MapiConnectivity testuser@company.com
4. To get the list of mailbox with the maximum mailbox size,
#Get-wmiobject -class Exchange_Mailbox -Namespace ROOT\MicrosoftExchangev2 -ComputerName SERVER1 | select-object MailboxDisplayName,TotalItems,Size | sort -descending “Size” | select-object -first 25
5. The above can also be viewed in the HTML format and also can be directed to some file. This makes it portable.
#Get-wmiobject -class Exchange_Mailbox -Namespace ROOT\MicrosoftExchangev2 -ComputerName SERVER1 | select-object MailboxDisplayName,TotalItems,Size | sort -descending “Size” | select-object -first 25 | ConvertTo-html -title “Top 25 Largest Mailboxes on SERVER1” > “D:\Stats\25 Largest Mailboxes.html”
6. To get the events in the application log with the source starting with the word “Exchange” ,
#get-eventlog Application | where {$_.Source -ilike “Exchange*”} | export-csv c:\events.csv
7. To get the information of particular user mailbox
# Get-Mailbox –Identity "Rudi Kutz"
#Get-Mailbox "Rudi Kutz"
#Get-Mailbox rudi.kutz@philips.com
8. To get the list of exchange servers in the organization,
#Get-ExchangeServer
#Get-ExchangeServer -Domain loguinfo.com
#Get-ExchangeServer –Status
9. To get the mailbox database details,
# Get-MailboxDatabase -Server Server
#Get-MailboxDatabase -StorageGroup StorageGroup
10. To set the quota limit parameter for particular database,
# Set-MailboxDatabase -Identity MailboxDatabase -IssueWarningQuota 500MB
11. To set the user’s mailbox properties like external Email Email address value,
# Set-MailUser -Identity user2 -ExternalEmailAddress test@external.com
12. To get all the records which matching the namespace “logu”, it check in all the possible recipients like user mailbox, contacts, etc.
# Get-Recipient -Anr "logu"
13. To Enable/Disable the user,
# Disable-MailUser -Identity user2
# Enable-Mailbox -Identity company\user1 -Database MailboxDatabase
14. To get the mailbox statistics of the database,
# Get-MailboxStatistics -Database MailboxDatabase
#Get-MailboxStatistics -Server Server
15. To give full access permission for the user1 on the mailbox user2,
#Add-MailboxPermission user2 -User user1 -AccessRights FullAccess
16. The same case if it is a linked mailbox (external mail account which has mailbox in this server),
#Add-MailboxPermission user2 -user CODE1\user1 -AccessRights:FullAccess,ExternalAccount
Likewise there are large number of useful commands in the EMS. Hope the above is informative.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Saturday, May 31, 2008
Checking the committed transaction logs in Exchange Server:
This article explains how to check the committed transaction logs in exchange server. The disk space management is more important, since the transaction logs get accumulated in faster phase. Sometimes, the committed logs may not be recycled after taking the backups. The committed transaction logs are no need any more in such cases, just only occupies some disk space. Here we are going to check how to find the committed transaction logs using the eseutil.
Checkpoint File:
In Exchange, there will be a checkpoint file for each storage group and one for the directory. The checkpoint file is a file of special note which plays a big role in keeping your exchange server database in order. The checkpoint file (edb.chk) tracks which entries in the transaction log files have already been recorded in the database, and thus which ones will need to be replayed during a restoration situation. The checkpoint file thus speeds up recovery by telling the ESE-Extensible Search Engine exactly which log file entries need to be replayed and which do not-thus preventing extra writing during the restoration process. So what is ESE, here we go, The Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) is a low-level database engine that is used internally by Windows for all sorts of things like Microsoft Exchange message store, Active Directory database, Microsoft Updates, Local Security Policy, etc.
When you try to identify the last committed log file for a storage group, note that the storage group prefix applies to the checkpoint file and to all of the log files. For example, the default first storage group's checkpoint file name is E00.chk, and its log files are E00xxxxxx.log (where xxxxx is the hexadecimal sequence number of the log file).
To check the status/details of the checkpoint file
eseutil /mk “the full path to the checkpoint file”
For example,
eseutil /mk "C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\E00.chk"
Sample Output:
Microsoft(R) Exchange Server(TM) Database Utilities
Version 6.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 1991-2000. All Rights Reserved.
Initiating FILE DUMP mode...
Checkpoint file: C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\E00.chk
LastFullBackupCheckpoint: (0x0,0,0)
Checkpoint: (0x6A,1119,3D)
FullBackup: (0x0,0,0)
FullBackup time: 00/00/1900 00:00:00
IncBackup: (0x0,0,0)
IncBackup time: 00/00/1900 00:00:00
Signature: Create time:09/24/2001 17:10:26 Rand:522553071 Computer:
Env (CircLog,Session,Opentbl,VerPage,Cursors,LogBufs,LogFile,Buffers)
( off, 202, 30300, 1365, 10100, 128, 10240, 97940)
Operation completed successfully in 1.192 seconds.
In the above sample output, please find the checkpoint details (marked in bold red),
Checkpoint: (0x6A,1119,3D) – it means 0x6A = E000006A.log is the last committed log file, the logs sequentially above this value is committed to the database already.
Hope the above information will helps you in checking the committed logs and also in managing the disk space management.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Checkpoint File:
In Exchange, there will be a checkpoint file for each storage group and one for the directory. The checkpoint file is a file of special note which plays a big role in keeping your exchange server database in order. The checkpoint file (edb.chk) tracks which entries in the transaction log files have already been recorded in the database, and thus which ones will need to be replayed during a restoration situation. The checkpoint file thus speeds up recovery by telling the ESE-Extensible Search Engine exactly which log file entries need to be replayed and which do not-thus preventing extra writing during the restoration process. So what is ESE, here we go, The Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) is a low-level database engine that is used internally by Windows for all sorts of things like Microsoft Exchange message store, Active Directory database, Microsoft Updates, Local Security Policy, etc.
When you try to identify the last committed log file for a storage group, note that the storage group prefix applies to the checkpoint file and to all of the log files. For example, the default first storage group's checkpoint file name is E00.chk, and its log files are E00xxxxxx.log (where xxxxx is the hexadecimal sequence number of the log file).
To check the status/details of the checkpoint file
eseutil /mk “the full path to the checkpoint file”
For example,
eseutil /mk "C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\E00.chk"
Sample Output:
Microsoft(R) Exchange Server(TM) Database Utilities
Version 6.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 1991-2000. All Rights Reserved.
Initiating FILE DUMP mode...
Checkpoint file: C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\E00.chk
LastFullBackupCheckpoint: (0x0,0,0)
Checkpoint: (0x6A,1119,3D)
FullBackup: (0x0,0,0)
FullBackup time: 00/00/1900 00:00:00
IncBackup: (0x0,0,0)
IncBackup time: 00/00/1900 00:00:00
Signature: Create time:09/24/2001 17:10:26 Rand:522553071 Computer:
Env (CircLog,Session,Opentbl,VerPage,Cursors,LogBufs,LogFile,Buffers)
( off, 202, 30300, 1365, 10100, 128, 10240, 97940)
Operation completed successfully in 1.192 seconds.
In the above sample output, please find the checkpoint details (marked in bold red),
Checkpoint: (0x6A,1119,3D) – it means 0x6A = E000006A.log is the last committed log file, the logs sequentially above this value is committed to the database already.
Hope the above information will helps you in checking the committed logs and also in managing the disk space management.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Sunday, May 11, 2008
NDR - Non Delivery Report
Hi Friends,
This article explains how to interpret with NDR and to find the cause of non delivery of the email. Suppose, when you are sending a mail to the recipient called x@microsoft.com, it comes back with some message that the indented mail does not reach that particular recipient, it is called the NDR - Non delivery report. The reason for failure in the mail delivery may be many, though this NDR gives the related information about the cause of the message failure. Having the knowledge on the different NDR will definitely gives hands on support in case of troubleshooting.
Interpreting with the NDR :
In the NDR message first lookout for the three digit
i.e, x.y.z . eg., 5.2.1
The "x" fields give some valuable information on the type of error. When it is "5", we are dealing with the permanent error. When it is "4", the message eventually may or may not pass on. Almost all valid NDR starts with 4 or 5, none other than this numbers. Apart from the first field, it is very difficult to classify the other fields, because each numbers have its own explanation. It also have the brief description about the problem and also have the list of recipient address for whom the mail not delivered.
List of NDR codes and their meanings :
4.2.2
The recipient has exceeded their mailbox limit. It could also be that the delivery directory on the Virtual server has exceeded its limit. (Default 22 MB)
4.3.1
Not enough disk space on the delivery server. Microsoft say this NDR maybe reported as out-of-memory error.
4.3.2
Classic temporary problem, the Administrator has frozen the queue.
4.4.1
Intermittent network connection. The server has not yet responded. Classic temporary problem. If it persists, you will also a 5.4.x status code error.
4.4.2
The server started to deliver the message but then the connection was broken.
4.4.6
Too many hops. Most likely, the message is looping.
4.4.7
Problem with a timeout. Check receiving server connectors.
4.4.9
A DNS problem. Check your smart host setting on the SMTP connector. For example, check correct SMTP format. Also, use square brackets in the IP address [197.89.1.4] You can get this same NDR error if you have been deleting routing groups.
4.6.5
Multi-language situation. Your server does not have the correct language code page installed.
5.0.0
SMTP 500 reply code means an unrecognised command. You get this NDR when you make a typing mistake when you manually try to send email via telnet.More likely, a routing group error, no routing connector, or no suitable address space in the connector.(Try adding * in the address space) This status code is a general error message in Exchange 2000. In fact Microsoft introduced a service pack to make sure now get a more specific code.
5.1.x
Problem with email address.
5.1.0
Often seen with contacts. Check the recipient address.
5.1.1
Another problem with the recipient address. Possibly the user was moved to another server in Active Directory. Maybe an Outlook client replied to a message while offline.
5.1.2
SMTP; 550 Host unknown. An error is triggered when the host name can’t be found. For example, when trying to send an email to bob@ nonexistantdomain.com.(Example kindly sent in by Paul T.)
5.1.3
Another problem with contacts. Address field maybe empty. Check the address information.
5.1.4
Two objects have the same address, which confuses the categorizer.
5.1.5
Destination mailbox address invalid.
5.1.6
Problem with homeMDB or msExchHomeServerName - check how many users are affected. Sometimes running RUS (Recipient Update Service) cures this problem. Mailbox may have moved.
5.1.7
Problem with senders mail attribute, check properties sheet in ADUC.
5.2.x
NDR caused by a problem with the large size of the email.
5.2.1
The message is too large. Else it could be a permissions problem. Check the recipient's mailbox.
5.2.2
Sadly, the recipient has exceeded their mailbox limit.
5.2.3
Recipient cannot receive messages this big. Server or connector limit exceeded.
5.2.4
Most likely, a distribution list or group is trying to send an email. Check where the expansion server is situated.
5.3.0
Problem with MTA, maybe someone has been editing the registry to disable the MTA / Store driver.
5.3.1
Mail system full. Possibly a Standard edition of Exchange reached the 16 GB limit.
5.3.2
System not accepting network messages. Look outside Exchange for a connectivity problem.
5.3.3
Remote server has insufficient disk space to hold email. Check SMTP log.
5.3.4
Message too big. Check limits, System Policy, connector, virtual server.
5.3.5
Multiple Virtual Servers are using the same IP address and port. See Microsoft TechNet article: 321721 Sharing SMTP. Email probably looping.
5.4.0
DNS Problem. Check the Smart host, or check your DNS. It means that there is no DNS server that can resolve this email address. Could be Virtual Server SMTP address.
5.4.1
No answer from host. Not Exchange's fault check connections.
5.4.2
Bad connection.
5.4.3
Routing server failure. No available route.
5.4.4
Cannot find the next hop, check the Routing Group Connector. Perhaps you have Exchange servers in different Routing Groups, but no connector.
5.4.6
Tricky looping problem, a contact has the same email address as an Active Directory user. One user is probably using an Alternate Recipient with the same email address as a contact.
5.4.7
Delivery time-out. Message is taking too long to be delivered.
5.4.8
Microsoft advise, check your recipient policy. SMTP address should be cp.com.NOT server.cp.com.
5.5.0
Underlying SMTP 500 error. Our server tried ehlo, the recipient's server did not understand and returned a 550 or 500 error. Set up SMTP logging.
5.5.2
Possibly the disk holding the operating system is full. Or could be a syntax error if you are executing SMTP from a telnet shell.
5.5.3
More than 5,000 recipients. Check the Global Settings, Message Delivery properties.
5.5.5
Wrong protocol version
5.6.3
More than 250 attachments.
5.7.1
Permissions problem. For some reason the sender is not allowed to email this account.Perhaps an anonymous user is trying to send mail to a distribution list.Check SMTP Virtual Server Access Tab. Try checking this box: Allow computers which successfully authenticate to relay.User may have a manually created email address that does not match a System Policy.
5.7.2
Distribution list cannot expand and so is unable to deliver its messages.
5.7.3
Check external IP address of ISA server. Make sure it matches the SMTP publishing rule.
5.7.4
Extra security features not supported. Check delivery server settings
5.7.5
Cryptographic failure. Try a plain message with encryption.
5.7.6
Certificate problem, encryption level maybe to high.
5.7.7
Message integrity problem.
Hence use this when troubleshooting the mail delivery failure.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
This article explains how to interpret with NDR and to find the cause of non delivery of the email. Suppose, when you are sending a mail to the recipient called x@microsoft.com, it comes back with some message that the indented mail does not reach that particular recipient, it is called the NDR - Non delivery report. The reason for failure in the mail delivery may be many, though this NDR gives the related information about the cause of the message failure. Having the knowledge on the different NDR will definitely gives hands on support in case of troubleshooting.
Interpreting with the NDR :
In the NDR message first lookout for the three digit
i.e, x.y.z . eg., 5.2.1
The "x" fields give some valuable information on the type of error. When it is "5", we are dealing with the permanent error. When it is "4", the message eventually may or may not pass on. Almost all valid NDR starts with 4 or 5, none other than this numbers. Apart from the first field, it is very difficult to classify the other fields, because each numbers have its own explanation. It also have the brief description about the problem and also have the list of recipient address for whom the mail not delivered.
List of NDR codes and their meanings :
4.2.2
The recipient has exceeded their mailbox limit. It could also be that the delivery directory on the Virtual server has exceeded its limit. (Default 22 MB)
4.3.1
Not enough disk space on the delivery server. Microsoft say this NDR maybe reported as out-of-memory error.
4.3.2
Classic temporary problem, the Administrator has frozen the queue.
4.4.1
Intermittent network connection. The server has not yet responded. Classic temporary problem. If it persists, you will also a 5.4.x status code error.
4.4.2
The server started to deliver the message but then the connection was broken.
4.4.6
Too many hops. Most likely, the message is looping.
4.4.7
Problem with a timeout. Check receiving server connectors.
4.4.9
A DNS problem. Check your smart host setting on the SMTP connector. For example, check correct SMTP format. Also, use square brackets in the IP address [197.89.1.4] You can get this same NDR error if you have been deleting routing groups.
4.6.5
Multi-language situation. Your server does not have the correct language code page installed.
5.0.0
SMTP 500 reply code means an unrecognised command. You get this NDR when you make a typing mistake when you manually try to send email via telnet.More likely, a routing group error, no routing connector, or no suitable address space in the connector.(Try adding * in the address space) This status code is a general error message in Exchange 2000. In fact Microsoft introduced a service pack to make sure now get a more specific code.
5.1.x
Problem with email address.
5.1.0
Often seen with contacts. Check the recipient address.
5.1.1
Another problem with the recipient address. Possibly the user was moved to another server in Active Directory. Maybe an Outlook client replied to a message while offline.
5.1.2
SMTP; 550 Host unknown. An error is triggered when the host name can’t be found. For example, when trying to send an email to bob@ nonexistantdomain.com.(Example kindly sent in by Paul T.)
5.1.3
Another problem with contacts. Address field maybe empty. Check the address information.
5.1.4
Two objects have the same address, which confuses the categorizer.
5.1.5
Destination mailbox address invalid.
5.1.6
Problem with homeMDB or msExchHomeServerName - check how many users are affected. Sometimes running RUS (Recipient Update Service) cures this problem. Mailbox may have moved.
5.1.7
Problem with senders mail attribute, check properties sheet in ADUC.
5.2.x
NDR caused by a problem with the large size of the email.
5.2.1
The message is too large. Else it could be a permissions problem. Check the recipient's mailbox.
5.2.2
Sadly, the recipient has exceeded their mailbox limit.
5.2.3
Recipient cannot receive messages this big. Server or connector limit exceeded.
5.2.4
Most likely, a distribution list or group is trying to send an email. Check where the expansion server is situated.
5.3.0
Problem with MTA, maybe someone has been editing the registry to disable the MTA / Store driver.
5.3.1
Mail system full. Possibly a Standard edition of Exchange reached the 16 GB limit.
5.3.2
System not accepting network messages. Look outside Exchange for a connectivity problem.
5.3.3
Remote server has insufficient disk space to hold email. Check SMTP log.
5.3.4
Message too big. Check limits, System Policy, connector, virtual server.
5.3.5
Multiple Virtual Servers are using the same IP address and port. See Microsoft TechNet article: 321721 Sharing SMTP. Email probably looping.
5.4.0
DNS Problem. Check the Smart host, or check your DNS. It means that there is no DNS server that can resolve this email address. Could be Virtual Server SMTP address.
5.4.1
No answer from host. Not Exchange's fault check connections.
5.4.2
Bad connection.
5.4.3
Routing server failure. No available route.
5.4.4
Cannot find the next hop, check the Routing Group Connector. Perhaps you have Exchange servers in different Routing Groups, but no connector.
5.4.6
Tricky looping problem, a contact has the same email address as an Active Directory user. One user is probably using an Alternate Recipient with the same email address as a contact.
5.4.7
Delivery time-out. Message is taking too long to be delivered.
5.4.8
Microsoft advise, check your recipient policy. SMTP address should be cp.com.NOT server.cp.com.
5.5.0
Underlying SMTP 500 error. Our server tried ehlo, the recipient's server did not understand and returned a 550 or 500 error. Set up SMTP logging.
5.5.2
Possibly the disk holding the operating system is full. Or could be a syntax error if you are executing SMTP from a telnet shell.
5.5.3
More than 5,000 recipients. Check the Global Settings, Message Delivery properties.
5.5.5
Wrong protocol version
5.6.3
More than 250 attachments.
5.7.1
Permissions problem. For some reason the sender is not allowed to email this account.Perhaps an anonymous user is trying to send mail to a distribution list.Check SMTP Virtual Server Access Tab. Try checking this box: Allow computers which successfully authenticate to relay.User may have a manually created email address that does not match a System Policy.
5.7.2
Distribution list cannot expand and so is unable to deliver its messages.
5.7.3
Check external IP address of ISA server. Make sure it matches the SMTP publishing rule.
5.7.4
Extra security features not supported. Check delivery server settings
5.7.5
Cryptographic failure. Try a plain message with encryption.
5.7.6
Certificate problem, encryption level maybe to high.
5.7.7
Message integrity problem.
Hence use this when troubleshooting the mail delivery failure.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Outlook Command line Switches
Hi friends,
This article gives you the brief explanation on the outlook command line switches. The outlook comes with different command line switched, which in turn used for troubleshooting in case of some errors. The following are the different command line switches available in the outlook.
General Syntax :
Go to Run -->
# Outlook /Switch
Outlook command line switches :
1. Outlook /c messageclass
Creates a new item of the specified message class, works for any valid MAPI form.
For example:
/c ipm.activity creates a Journal entry
/c ipm.appointment creates an appointment
/c ipm.contact creates a contact
/c ipm.note creates an e-mail message
/c ipm.stickynote creates a note
/c ipm.task creates a task
2. Outlook /CleanClientRules
Starts Outlook and deletes client-based rules. For non-Exchange users.
3. Outlook /CleanFinders
Sets Outlook 2003 Search Folders back to the default state (deletes custom Search Folders)
4. Outlook /CleanFreeBusy
Cleans and regenerates free/busy information.
5. Outlook /CleanProfile
Removes invalid profile keys and recreates default registry keys where applicable.
6. Outlook /Cleanpst
Launches Outlook with a clean Personal Folders file (.pst)
7. Outlook /CleanReminders
Cleans and regenerates reminders.
8. Outlook /CleanRules
Starts Outlook and deletes client- and server-based rules.
9. Outlook /CleanSchedPlus
Deletes all Schedule+ data (free/busy, permissions, and .cal file) from the server.
10. Outlook /CleanServerRules
Starts Outlook and deletes server-based rules. Used only with Exchange server accounts.
11. Outlook /CleanViews
Restores default views.
12. Outlook /FirstRun
Starts Outlook as if it were run for the first time.
13. Outlook /ImportPrf prffilename
Launches Outlook and opens/imports the defined MAPI profile (*.prf). If Outlook is already open, queues the profile to be imported on the next clean launch.
14. Outlook /Profile profilename
Loads the specified profile. If your profile name contains a space, enclose the profile name in quotation marks.
15. Outlook /ResetFolderNames
Resets the language of the default folders to the language of the Outlook client.
16. Outlook /ResetFolders
Restores missing folders for the default delivery location.
17. Outlook /ResetOutlookBar
Rebuilds the Outlook Bar.
18. Outlook /ResetWunderBar
Rebuilds the new Outlook Control Bar in Outlook 2003.
19. Outlook /Rpcdiag
Opens Outlook and displays the remote procedure call (RPC) connection status dialog.
20. Outlook /Sniff
Starts Outlook and forces a detection of new meeting requests in the Inbox, and then adds them to the calendar.
Hope the above information is useful and start try using the above appropriate commands when your outlook gives the problem.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
This article gives you the brief explanation on the outlook command line switches. The outlook comes with different command line switched, which in turn used for troubleshooting in case of some errors. The following are the different command line switches available in the outlook.
General Syntax :
Go to Run -->
# Outlook /Switch
Outlook command line switches :
1. Outlook /c messageclass
Creates a new item of the specified message class, works for any valid MAPI form.
For example:
/c ipm.activity creates a Journal entry
/c ipm.appointment creates an appointment
/c ipm.contact creates a contact
/c ipm.note creates an e-mail message
/c ipm.stickynote creates a note
/c ipm.task creates a task
2. Outlook /CleanClientRules
Starts Outlook and deletes client-based rules. For non-Exchange users.
3. Outlook /CleanFinders
Sets Outlook 2003 Search Folders back to the default state (deletes custom Search Folders)
4. Outlook /CleanFreeBusy
Cleans and regenerates free/busy information.
5. Outlook /CleanProfile
Removes invalid profile keys and recreates default registry keys where applicable.
6. Outlook /Cleanpst
Launches Outlook with a clean Personal Folders file (.pst)
7. Outlook /CleanReminders
Cleans and regenerates reminders.
8. Outlook /CleanRules
Starts Outlook and deletes client- and server-based rules.
9. Outlook /CleanSchedPlus
Deletes all Schedule+ data (free/busy, permissions, and .cal file) from the server.
10. Outlook /CleanServerRules
Starts Outlook and deletes server-based rules. Used only with Exchange server accounts.
11. Outlook /CleanViews
Restores default views.
12. Outlook /FirstRun
Starts Outlook as if it were run for the first time.
13. Outlook /ImportPrf prffilename
Launches Outlook and opens/imports the defined MAPI profile (*.prf). If Outlook is already open, queues the profile to be imported on the next clean launch.
14. Outlook /Profile profilename
Loads the specified profile. If your profile name contains a space, enclose the profile name in quotation marks.
15. Outlook /ResetFolderNames
Resets the language of the default folders to the language of the Outlook client.
16. Outlook /ResetFolders
Restores missing folders for the default delivery location.
17. Outlook /ResetOutlookBar
Rebuilds the Outlook Bar.
18. Outlook /ResetWunderBar
Rebuilds the new Outlook Control Bar in Outlook 2003.
19. Outlook /Rpcdiag
Opens Outlook and displays the remote procedure call (RPC) connection status dialog.
20. Outlook /Sniff
Starts Outlook and forces a detection of new meeting requests in the Inbox, and then adds them to the calendar.
Hope the above information is useful and start try using the above appropriate commands when your outlook gives the problem.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414 99143
Saturday, November 24, 2007
Sendmail
Hi friends
This article explains the basic configuration of sendmail. In this example, i use the sendmail package from the RHEL 5 and use mailserver.example.com(192.168.10.2) and dns1.example.com(192.168.10.1) as fqdn for this mail server and dns server. Lemme give you the step by step procedure for building the sendmail server.
1. Install the sendmail package:
# yum install sendmail
2. Check the Existence of package:
# rpm -qa | grep sendmail
sendmail-cf-8.13.8-2.el5
sendmail-.13.8-2.el5
3. Services:
# chkconfig --level 345 sendmail on
# service sendmail start|stop|restart|status or
# /etc/init.d/sendmail start|stop|restart|status
4. Sendmail configuration file :
# /etc/mail/sendmail.cf //main sendmail config file
# /etc/mail/sendmail.mc //file used to edit and push the updates to the main file
All configuration changes can be done only at /etc/mail/sendmail.mc and with the help of macro push it to the file /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
5. Macro m4 :
To find the macro path
# locate cf.m4
/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4
#m4 /usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
and then restart to make the changes to take effect.
6. Disabling line in /etc/mail/sendmail.mc file:
These statements are disabled by dnl commenting.
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
dnl # DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
This statement is incorrectly disabled:
# DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
This statement is active:
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
7. DNS Server
The proper implementation of DNS server is important before configuring the sendmail. Please test the dns name resoultion with the tools like nslookup, host and dig tool.In this eg, consider the dns1.example.com (192.168.10.1) as primary dns server.
# host dns1.example.com
dns1.example.com has address 192.168.10.1
#host mailserver.example.com
mailserver.example.com address 192.168.10.2
8. Check /etc/resolv.conf file:
make sure /etc/resolv.conf file contains the correct dns server details
# vi /etc/resolv.conf
localdomain example.com
nameserver 192.168.10.1
9. Check /etc/hosts file:
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 mailserver.example.com localhost.localdomain localhost mailserver
10. Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc file:
First, using dnl disable the line like
dnl "DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')"
Second, disable the smarthost option
dnl define(`SMART_HOST',`mail.my-site.com')
Use macro and restart the sendmail daemon
Check the local NIC card is enabled for receive all packets by
# netstat -an | grep :25 | grep tcp
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
11. Edit /etc/mail/access file:
# vi /etc/mail/access
localhost.localdomain RELAY
localhost RELAY
127.0.0.1 RELAY
192.168.30 REJECT // rejects the mails from 192.168.30.0 n/w
192.168.20.5 RELAY // relay the mails from the host 192.168.20.5
192.168.10 RELAY // relay the mails from 192.168.10.0 n/w
example.com RELAY // relay the mails from the suffix example.com
12. Edit /etc/mail/local-host-names file:
add hostnames or domain names for which the sendmail accept mail for local delivery.
# vi /etc/mali/local-host-names
example.com
otherdomain.com
13. Edit /etc/mail/virtusertable file:
# vi /etc/mail/virtusertable
// first column is the target email address
// second column may be created user mailbox in the mailserver, aliase name or groupname created in the /etc/aliase or even remote email address.
logu@example.com logu // logu - local user
sonia@example.com sonia
test@example.com test
testaliase@example.com testaliase // testaliase entry created in /etc/aliase
@example.com error:nouser User Unknown // answer for other than the above user
14. Edit /etc/aliases file:
add the below lines at the bottom of the file
# vi /etc/aliases
..........
..........
#setting new aliase
testaliase: logu,test
As per virtusertable above, the mail to testaliase@example.com will go to logu@example.com and sonia@example.com.
15. Configuring POP3/IMAP :
By configuring the sendmail for pop3/imap, we will be able to acces mail from thunderbird, evolution, Outlook, etc.
First, check the existence of dovecot and services using
# chkconfig --level 345 dovecot on
# service dovecot start|stop|restart|status or
# /etc/init.d/dovecot start|stop|restart|status
Second, edit the /etc/dovecot.conf file
# vi /etc/dovecot.conf
........
//search for protocols
//protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
protocols = pop3 // configure pop3 or imap as per your need
........
........
Third, test the NIC listening for pop3 using,
# netstat -a | egrep -i 'pop|imap'
tcp 0 0 *:pop3 *:* LISTEN
Fourth, use Outlook or any client tool to test the mail flow.
16. Troubleshooting via telnet:
Please refer this article in my blog.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
This article explains the basic configuration of sendmail. In this example, i use the sendmail package from the RHEL 5 and use mailserver.example.com(192.168.10.2) and dns1.example.com(192.168.10.1) as fqdn for this mail server and dns server. Lemme give you the step by step procedure for building the sendmail server.
1. Install the sendmail package:
# yum install sendmail
2. Check the Existence of package:
# rpm -qa | grep sendmail
sendmail-cf-8.13.8-2.el5
sendmail-.13.8-2.el5
3. Services:
# chkconfig --level 345 sendmail on
# service sendmail start|stop|restart|status or
# /etc/init.d/sendmail start|stop|restart|status
4. Sendmail configuration file :
# /etc/mail/sendmail.cf //main sendmail config file
# /etc/mail/sendmail.mc //file used to edit and push the updates to the main file
All configuration changes can be done only at /etc/mail/sendmail.mc and with the help of macro push it to the file /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
5. Macro m4 :
To find the macro path
# locate cf.m4
/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4
#m4 /usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
and then restart to make the changes to take effect.
6. Disabling line in /etc/mail/sendmail.mc file:
These statements are disabled by dnl commenting.
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
dnl # DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
This statement is incorrectly disabled:
# DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
This statement is active:
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')
7. DNS Server
The proper implementation of DNS server is important before configuring the sendmail. Please test the dns name resoultion with the tools like nslookup, host and dig tool.In this eg, consider the dns1.example.com (192.168.10.1) as primary dns server.
# host dns1.example.com
dns1.example.com has address 192.168.10.1
#host mailserver.example.com
mailserver.example.com address 192.168.10.2
8. Check /etc/resolv.conf file:
make sure /etc/resolv.conf file contains the correct dns server details
# vi /etc/resolv.conf
localdomain example.com
nameserver 192.168.10.1
9. Check /etc/hosts file:
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 mailserver.example.com localhost.localdomain localhost mailserver
10. Edit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc file:
First, using dnl disable the line like
dnl "DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')"
Second, disable the smarthost option
dnl define(`SMART_HOST',`mail.my-site.com')
Use macro and restart the sendmail daemon
Check the local NIC card is enabled for receive all packets by
# netstat -an | grep :25 | grep tcp
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
11. Edit /etc/mail/access file:
# vi /etc/mail/access
localhost.localdomain RELAY
localhost RELAY
127.0.0.1 RELAY
192.168.30 REJECT // rejects the mails from 192.168.30.0 n/w
192.168.20.5 RELAY // relay the mails from the host 192.168.20.5
192.168.10 RELAY // relay the mails from 192.168.10.0 n/w
example.com RELAY // relay the mails from the suffix example.com
12. Edit /etc/mail/local-host-names file:
add hostnames or domain names for which the sendmail accept mail for local delivery.
# vi /etc/mali/local-host-names
example.com
otherdomain.com
13. Edit /etc/mail/virtusertable file:
# vi /etc/mail/virtusertable
// first column is the target email address
// second column may be created user mailbox in the mailserver, aliase name or groupname created in the /etc/aliase or even remote email address.
logu@example.com logu // logu - local user
sonia@example.com sonia
test@example.com test
testaliase@example.com testaliase // testaliase entry created in /etc/aliase
@example.com error:nouser User Unknown // answer for other than the above user
14. Edit /etc/aliases file:
add the below lines at the bottom of the file
# vi /etc/aliases
..........
..........
#setting new aliase
testaliase: logu,test
As per virtusertable above, the mail to testaliase@example.com will go to logu@example.com and sonia@example.com.
15. Configuring POP3/IMAP :
By configuring the sendmail for pop3/imap, we will be able to acces mail from thunderbird, evolution, Outlook, etc.
First, check the existence of dovecot and services using
# chkconfig --level 345 dovecot on
# service dovecot start|stop|restart|status or
# /etc/init.d/dovecot start|stop|restart|status
Second, edit the /etc/dovecot.conf file
# vi /etc/dovecot.conf
........
//search for protocols
//protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
protocols = pop3 // configure pop3 or imap as per your need
........
........
Third, test the NIC listening for pop3 using,
# netstat -a | egrep -i 'pop|imap'
tcp 0 0 *:pop3 *:* LISTEN
Fourth, use Outlook or any client tool to test the mail flow.
16. Troubleshooting via telnet:
Please refer this article in my blog.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
Wednesday, October 24, 2007
Exchange Tool - ESEUTIL.EXE
ESEUTIL is a tool to defragment your exchange databases offline, to check their integrity and to repair a damaged/lost database.
ESEUTIL is located in the \EXCHSRVR\BIN directory. This directory is not in the system path so you must open the tool in the BIN directory or enhance the system path with the \EXCHSRVR\BIN directory
Exchange 2003 defragments the Exchange database every night. But this is only an online defrag of the database. An online defrag doesn’t reduce the size of the information store. To reduce the size of the databases, you must use an offline defrag.
Under normal conditions you don't need an offline defrag, but when you add tons of new users due to a merger or aquisition or when you delete many objects from the store it can be necessary to do an offline defrag.
Full list of Eseutil switches for Windows Exchange:
1. To determine the space availability (110% free space associated with the database to perform the defragmentation):
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /ms "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
2. To Defragment the store for compaction of space:
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /d "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
3. To check the integrity of database(this integrity check does not support the database recovery like ISINTEG Tool)
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /g "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
Like wise eseutil /p - repair is used in congestion with the isinteg to repair the damaged store from the scratch.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
ESEUTIL is located in the \EXCHSRVR\BIN directory. This directory is not in the system path so you must open the tool in the BIN directory or enhance the system path with the \EXCHSRVR\BIN directory
Exchange 2003 defragments the Exchange database every night. But this is only an online defrag of the database. An online defrag doesn’t reduce the size of the information store. To reduce the size of the databases, you must use an offline defrag.
Under normal conditions you don't need an offline defrag, but when you add tons of new users due to a merger or aquisition or when you delete many objects from the store it can be necessary to do an offline defrag.
Full list of Eseutil switches for Windows Exchange:
- Eseutil /cc Performs a hard recovery after a database restore.
- Eseutil /mc To determine the space.
- Eseutil /d Performs an offline compaction/defragmentation of a database.
- Eseutil /g Verifies the integrity of a database.
- Eseutil /k Verifies the checksums of a database.
- Eseutil /m Generates formatted output of various database file types. e.g. /mh
- Eseutil /p Repairs a corrupted or damaged database.
- Eseutil /r Performs soft recovery to bring a single database into a consistent or clean shutdown state.
- Eseutil /y Copies a database, streaming file, or log file.
1. To determine the space availability (110% free space associated with the database to perform the defragmentation):
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /ms "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
2. To Defragment the store for compaction of space:
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /d "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
3. To check the integrity of database(this integrity check does not support the database recovery like ISINTEG Tool)
C:\Program Files\Exchsrvr\bin>eseutil.exe /g "C:\Program files\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb"
Like wise eseutil /p - repair is used in congestion with the isinteg to repair the damaged store from the scratch.
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
Saturday, October 13, 2007
Windows Shortcut Run Commands:
Hi friends,
I have seen many system administrator use to work fast while using their desktops and used to admire it. They never use mouse or surf through the start menu for reaching the particular application. So this article gives you the idea about the shortcuts for the run commands.
Working of Run Commands:
Each and every application will be having a executable file for its application and the respective core content will be stored in some executable path. Initially PATH variable will be set in the environmental variable settings tab.
(in my PC, it may have more values also in your PC)
$PATH = C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;%SystemRoot%\system32\WBEM;
C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727;C:\sbin\svn\bin;C:\Program Files
\QuickTime\QTSystem\
Creating Shortcuts:
Creating shortcuts of your wish for particular application and for folders or files is also possible. Let me give a quick example suppose you want to create a shortcut for particular folder in some path.
1. Create folder say c:\shortcuts
2. Open Environmental settings tab of your computer and add "c:\shortcuts" to $PATH.
3. Right Click the folder you want to make shortcuts and create shortcut.
4. Rename the shortcut if you wish.
5. Paste the shortcut into "c:\shortcuts"
To test Open --> Run --> "shortcut name" . It will open the folder for which we have created the shortcut before.
Some Windows Run Commands:
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
I have seen many system administrator use to work fast while using their desktops and used to admire it. They never use mouse or surf through the start menu for reaching the particular application. So this article gives you the idea about the shortcuts for the run commands.
Working of Run Commands:
Each and every application will be having a executable file for its application and the respective core content will be stored in some executable path. Initially PATH variable will be set in the environmental variable settings tab.
(in my PC, it may have more values also in your PC)
$PATH = C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;%SystemRoot%\system32\WBEM;
C:\WINNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727;C:\sbin\svn\bin;C:\Program Files
\QuickTime\QTSystem\
Creating Shortcuts:
Creating shortcuts of your wish for particular application and for folders or files is also possible. Let me give a quick example suppose you want to create a shortcut for particular folder in some path.
1. Create folder say c:\shortcuts
2. Open Environmental settings tab of your computer and add "c:\shortcuts" to $PATH.
3. Right Click the folder you want to make shortcuts and create shortcut.
4. Rename the shortcut if you wish.
5. Paste the shortcut into "c:\shortcuts"
To test Open --> Run --> "shortcut name" . It will open the folder for which we have created the shortcut before.
Some Windows Run Commands:
- Accessibility Controls - access.cpl
- Add Hardware Wizard - hdwwiz.cpl
- Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl
- Administrative Tools - control admintools
- Automatic Updates - wuaucpl.cpl
- Bluetooth Transfer Wizard - fsquirt
- Calculator - calc
- Certificate Manager - certmgr.msc
- Character Map - charmap
- Check Disk Utility - chkdsk
- Clipboard Viewer - clipbrd
- Command Prompt - cmd
- Component Services - dcomcnfg
- Computer Management - compmgmt.msc
- timedate.cpl - ddeshare
- Device Manager - devmgmt.msc
- Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)* - directx.cpl
- Direct X Troubleshooter - dxdiag
- Disk Cleanup Utility - cleanmgr
- Disk Defragment - dfrg.msc
- Disk Management - diskmgmt.msc
- Disk Partition Manager - diskpart
- Display Properties - control desktop
- Display Properties - desk.cpl
- Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected) - control color
- Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility - drwtsn32
- Driver Verifier Utility - verifier
- Event Viewer - eventvwr.msc
- File Signature Verification Tool - sigverif
- Findfast - findfast.cpl
- Folders Properties - control folders
- Fonts - control fonts
- Fonts Folder - fonts
- Free Cell Card Game - freecell
- Game Controllers - joy.cpl
- Group Policy Editor (XP Prof) - gpedit.msc
- Hearts Card Game - mshearts
- Iexpress Wizard - iexpress
- Indexing Service - ciadv.msc
- Internet Properties - inetcpl.cpl
- IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) - ipconfig /all
- IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) - ipconfig /displaydns
- IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents) - ipconfig /flushdns
- IP Configuration (Release All Connections) - ipconfig /release
- IP Configuration (Renew All Connections) - ipconfig /renew
- IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS) - ipconfig /registerdns
- IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID) - ipconfig /showclassid
- IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID) - ipconfig /setclassid
- Java Control Panel (If Installed) - jpicpl32.cpl
- Java Control Panel (If Installed) - javaws
- Keyboard Properties - control keyboard
- Local Security Settings - secpol.msc
- Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc
- Logs You Out Of Windows - logoff
- Microsoft Chat - winchat
- Minesweeper Game - winmine
- Mouse Properties - control mouse
- Mouse Properties - main.cpl
- Network Connections - control netconnections
- Network Connections - ncpa.cpl
- Network Setup Wizard - netsetup.cpl
- Notepad - notepad
- Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed) - nvtuicpl.cpl
- Object Packager - packager
- ODBC Data Source Administrator - odbccp32.cpl
- On Screen Keyboard - osk
- Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed) - ac3filter.cpl
- Password Properties - password.cpl
- Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc
- Performance Monitor - perfmon
- Phone and Modem Options - telephon.cpl
- Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl
- Printers and Faxes - control printers
- Printers Folder - printers
- Private Character Editor - eudcedit
- Quicktime (If Installed) - QuickTime.cpl
- Regional Settings - intl.cpl
- Registry Editor - regedit
- Registry Editor - regedit32
- Remote Desktop - mstsc
- Removable Storage - ntmsmgr.msc
- Removable Storage Operator Requests - ntmsoprq.msc
- Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) - rsop.msc
- Scanners and Cameras - sticpl.cpl
- Scheduled Tasks - control schedtasks
- Services - services.msc
- Shared Folders - fsmgmt.msc
- Shuts Down Windows - shutdown
- Sounds and Audio - mmsys.cpl
- Spider Solitare Card Game - spider
- SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg
- System Configuration Editor - sysedit
- System Configuration Utility - msconfig
- System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately) - sfc /scannow
- System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At Next Boot) - sfc /scanonce
- System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) - sfc /scanboot
- System File Checker Utility (Return to Default Setting) - sfc /revert
- System File Checker Utility (Purge File Cache) - sfc /purgecache
- System File Checker Utility (Set Cache Size to size x) - sfc /cachesize=x
- System Properties - sysdm.cpl
- Task Manager - taskmgr
- Telnet Client - telnet
- User Account Management - nusrmgr.cpl
- Utility Manager - utilman
- Windows Firewall - firewall.cpl
- Windows Magnifier - magnify
- Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc
- Windows System Security Tool - syskey
- Windows Update Launches - wupdmgr
- Windows XP Tour Wizard - tourstart
- Wordpad - write
- Microsoft Outlook - Outlook
- Microsoft Word - Winword
- Acrobat Reader - Acrord32
- Active Dir Users and Comp - Dsa.msc
- Routing and remote access - Rrasmgmt.msc
- DNS - Dnsmgmt.msc
- Add/remove Programs - Appwiz.cpl
- Display property - Desk.cpl
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
Telnet - SMTP, POP3, IMAP4 and Others.
Hi friends
This article explains the importance of telnet command while troubleshooting connectivity in term some port numbers open close status and also more options in email protocols. The telnet plays fine role in finding the port status while troubleshooting email issues and also other applications.
General Port Status finding:
Syntax :
telnet {IP address | FQDN} {Port number}
Suppose to find whether remote desktop is enables in remote computer, the syntax will be
telnet hostname 3389
If it shows a blank windows, the RDP is enabled and else cases it through errors.
TELNET SMTP:
telnet severname 25
Helo
Mail from : administrator@domain.com
Rcpt to : someclient@domain.com
Data
{type the message} .{enter twice}
quit
TELNET POP3:
telnet servername 110
User userid@domain.com
Pass {password}
Stat
List
Quit
TELNET IMAP4:
telnet servername 143
? login userid@domain.com {password}
? list “” “*”
? select {foldername} (foldername=inbox,outbox,sent items,etc)
? fetch {msg number} all (msg number=1,2,3,etc)
? fetch {msg number} body (msg number=1,2,3,etc)
? logout
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
This article explains the importance of telnet command while troubleshooting connectivity in term some port numbers open close status and also more options in email protocols. The telnet plays fine role in finding the port status while troubleshooting email issues and also other applications.
General Port Status finding:
Syntax :
telnet {IP address | FQDN} {Port number}
Suppose to find whether remote desktop is enables in remote computer, the syntax will be
telnet hostname 3389
If it shows a blank windows, the RDP is enabled and else cases it through errors.
TELNET SMTP:
telnet severname 25
Helo
Mail from : administrator@domain.com
Rcpt to : someclient@domain.com
Data
{type the message} .{enter twice}
quit
TELNET POP3:
telnet servername 110
User userid@domain.com
Pass {password}
Stat
List
Quit
TELNET IMAP4:
telnet servername 143
? login userid@domain.com {password}
? list “” “*”
? select {foldername} (foldername=inbox,outbox,sent items,etc)
? fetch {msg number} all (msg number=1,2,3,etc)
? fetch {msg number} body (msg number=1,2,3,etc)
? logout
Thanks
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
91-98414-99143
Sunday, August 19, 2007
Using Telnet to simulate server communication
Hello
The best place to run Telnet is on the server which sends out your SMTP traffic. This will show you the same information that your SMTP engine receives when communicating with an outside system. Telnet allows you to specify the port through which to communicate. SMTP is defined as TCP port 25.
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
The best place to run Telnet is on the server which sends out your SMTP traffic. This will show you the same information that your SMTP engine receives when communicating with an outside system. Telnet allows you to specify the port through which to communicate. SMTP is defined as TCP port 25.
Open a command prompt window. Determine the FQDN or the IP address. If you need to determine this information, you can use NSLookup if you know the SMTP domain name you are attempting to connect to. For more information about this, read this article.
At the prompt, type telnet fqdn 25
If the receiving server is accepting SMTP communications, it will respond with an acknowledgment message indicating it is ready to receive your transmission. The acknowledgment should also indicate if it understands SMTP or ESMTP.
Type ehlo testdomain.com
There are two established protocols, SMTP and ESMTP (Enhanced SMTP). If the receiving system only understands SMTP, you must begin with helo. If the receiving system understands ESMTP, you may begin with either helo or ehlo.
If you receive an OK message from the receiving mail system, proceed. If not, double check the protocol named in the response to the telnet command.
Type
mail from:exchange.admin@testdomain.com
This indicates the reply address. Some receiving systems will compare the parameter from the ehlo command, and the domain listed in the address on the mail from: command to the domain name returned when performing a reverse DNS (RDNS) lookup on the IP address from which the message is coming. It is a method to combat address spoofing and more reliably identify undesirable senders.
If you are testing communications to an outside messaging system, you may need to use your actual domain name to be allowed to continue.
Type
rcpt to:valid.user@receivingdomain.com
This indicates the recipient address. If receivingdomain.com is not a domain being fielded by the receiving system, and the system does not allow relaying to receivingdomain.com, an error code will be returned.
Type data
This begins the actual message. Optionally, From:, To:, and BCC: can be entered at this time (to be covered in a future article).
Type subject: Test message via Telnet
Type a blank line - this denotes the end of the subject and the beginning of the message body.
Type This is a test
Type Please reply if received
Type a blank line
Type a period (".") and press Enter - this marks the end of the message body. The receiving system will understand and return a prompt.
Type quit
This ends the Telnet session and you will be returned to the OS prompt.
If everything has gone well, the message will be on its way to the recipient address. Give it a minute and check. You now know how to manually create and send an SMTP message! This can be a great troubleshooting tool, as you will receive responses and acknowledgments from the receiving system that can aid in diagnosing a communication problem.
Logu
logu_microsoft@hotmail.com
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